Japan,+Korea+and+Vietnam

ESPIRIT Chart You must include main ideas and details in each category

Civilization/Nation/Group Japan_

Time Period 500-1450 C.E.


 * E || * Japan was divided into 300 little kingdoms, whose warlord rulers were known as daimyos.
 * Daimyos realized that they had to build up their petty states.
 * They introduced a tax system to stabalize village life, which includes the support of irrigation systems and other public works, and in the building of strong rural communities.
 * New crops, such as the soybeans were introduced. Peasants were encouraged to produce other crops, such as silk, hemp. paper, dyes, and vegetable oils.
 * There were highly marketed products, which helped with the Japanese economic system.
 * New and wealthy commercial class was introduced.
 * S || * Peasants were badly trained and poorly fed.
 * The peasants became a major force in the growing misery of the common people.
 * Peasants marched around the countryside to fight the incessant wars of their overlords who they pillaged and looted.
 * Peasants led ferocious revolts.
 * Aristocracy was against Buddhist orders
 * Women became defenseless, appendages of their fathers and/or husbands. Total submission to men
 * Women in warrior elites: were trained like the men soldiers. But it was worsened with time management.
 * Chivalrous
 * Peasnts became downgraded to serfs. ||
 * P || * Daimyos were the warlords per each of the 300 minor Japanese kingdoms.
 * Big buddhist influence even threatened to take the throne.
 * The rise of capitalism. ||
 * I || * There were many forms of spying, sneak attacks, ruses, and timely betrayals from bordering civilizations on the Japanese boders.
 * Pattern of warfare was fundamentally transformed as large numbers of peasants armed with pikes became a critical component of daimyo armies.
 * Battles began to lessly rely on the force of the Samuri.
 * Victory depended on the warlord and hoe effectively his commandors worked. ||
 * R || * Based off of Zen Buddhism and Chinese Confucianism.
 * Major part in socail structure
 * Priests were higher up
 * Peasants were low
 * Worshipped more. ||
 * I || * The Monochrome ink sketches of Japanese artists were both brilliant and original.
 * Screen and scroll paintings began to become popular. These pictures usually depicted the natural beauty of Japan, while others provide us with invaluable glimpses of the splendid agricultural works of this period.
 * Examples of their beautiful architecture, are the Golden and Silver Pavillions.
 * These pavillians, were designed to blend into the natural setting in which it was placed and create a pleasing shelter that would foster contemplation and meditation.
 * Famous gardens were becoming used by many more people
 * On garden, at the Ryoanji Temple consisted entirely, of islands of volcanic rock set with white pebbles which were preiodically raked into varying patterns. These were very beautiful places.
 * The gardens showed Japanese ability, to find great beauty in the rough and simple.
 * Tea ceremony were graceful gestures, elaborate rituals, and subtly shaped amd glazed pots and cups associated with the service of tea on special occasions all lent themselves to composure and introspection. ||
 * T || * Created more heave armory in order to have better equipped armies.
 * Swords were more superiorly forged.
 * In the place of Mud-walled forts, massive wood and stone castles emerged. These buildings dominated the Japanese landscape in future centuries.
 * Greater use of draft animals. ||
 * Greater use of draft animals. ||

3 Main Ideas: Taika reforms- Japan wanted to break free from there Chinese influence. They wanted to be able to govern themselves. The technology of the Japanese were focused more on war and expansion, rather than improving social conditions, like that of China. They based their empire on the Chinese (from Brittany's group)

Add Feudalsim elite to chart

Japanese and European Feudalaism Comparitive Summaries: Feudal systems overall, were generally weaker than political societies. Kings would have to make deals with other leaders strictly relying on personal negotiation and pledges of mutual respect, marriage alliances, negotiation, and a willingness to give the local princes free rein over the provinces. Feudal systems that evolved in Europe and Japan differed in some respects from each other. Both of their feudal systems were full with a set of political values. The most important participants in the feudal systems, were the aritocratic lords who were in control of the peasants. Both feudal societies were higly involved in their military values. Values of feudalism generally included physical courage, personal or family alliances, loyalty ritualized combat and contempt for nonwarrior groups like the peasants or merchant classes. The military aura left Japan with serious problems in the control the Samuriclass. In the European feudal system warriors persisted in the prominent belief that the central purpose of the state was the create wars. However, they did have their differences. Western Europes feudal society stressed more contractual idea while the Japanese did not. Japanese feudal systems strictly relied more on a group of individuals. This approach encouraged individulas to function as a part of collective decision making teams. Both of these nations were successful in running capitalist economies.

Korea:
 * extension of the Chinese mainland
 * smaller than both China and Japan
 * paid tributes to Chinese emperors
 * even though they represented a different ethnic background, they come to identify themselves as Chinese
 * 109 B.C.E. earliest Korean kingdom chosen was conquored bu Chinese emperor Wudi
 * parts of Korea were settled by Chinese settlers. These colonies became a channel, which allowed Chines influences began to filter into Korea.
 * tribal peoples from Koguryo soon began to resist Chinese rule.
 * Sinification- Korean people bagan to adopt more of Chinese culture.
 * Buddhism supplied key links between Korea and China
 * Sinified variants of Buddhism
 * Chinese writing was adopted despite the fact that the Chinese characters and the Vietnam spoken language were completely different.
 * stubborn warriors of Koguryo dealt and fought back the Tang invasions
 * In return for regualr tribute payments, and the Silla monarchs submission, the Tang armies pulled out of Korea in 668 B.C.E.
 * this left Silla to be the independent rulers of Korea until the 9th century
 * emmisionaries to china offered tributes in the form of splendid gifts and acknowledged the superiority if the Son of Heavan.
 * showed their ability to Kowtow, which was a series of ritual bows in which the suppliant prostated the Chinese throne. Korea then received benefits from China (Middle Kingdom)
 * submission and tribute payments guaranteed continuing peace with the Chinese
 * tribute system provided learning of the arts and manufactured goods.
 * included contingents of scholars who studied at Chinese schools
 * Studied at Chinese academies or Buddhism monasteries and busilty purchased Chinese scrolls to fill theri libraries and palaces
 * aristocrats studied in Chinese schools
 * some aristocrats submitted to partaking in the Chinese examinations
 * Korean elite favored Buddhism over Confucianism
 * Koreans improved the Chinese art of printing.

Vietnam: Do Now Summary: Chinese Influence in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam Chinese influences quickly spread into Japan, Korea, and Vietnam during the Postclassical period of 500- 1450 B.C.E.
 * Chinese gave superior technology, great ideas
 * kingdom of nam chinese gave them the name of viet but then evolved into the name vietnam
 * influenced levels of Buddhism
 * developmenmt of art, literature and poetry
 * irrigations to crops made agriculture more effective
 * women dressed differently. women in china wore black pants, while women in vietnam wore skirts
 * Chinese language differentiated greatly from the vietnam language
 * viet was very independent from china
 * nuclear "family"
 * they would blacken their teeth
 * women had more rights, independence and power.
 * The Viets first appeared in around 220 B.C.E. known to the Chinese as "southern barbarians"